Test your knowledge on nursing concepts, test your test-taking skills and develop your attitude in attacking board exam questions. Answer these questions on a piece of paper. Check your answers and don't forget to review the rationale behind the correct answer. Good luck with your exam!
1. A client has approached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is:
a.)psychotherapy.
b.)total abstinence.
c.)Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
d.)aversion therapy.
2. The nurse is providing care for a client undergoing opiate withdrawal. Opiate withdrawal causes severe physical discomfort and can be life-threatening. To minimize these effects, opiate users are commonly detoxified with:
a.)barbiturates.
b.)amphetamines.
c.)methadone.
d.)benzodiazepines.
C. RATIONALE: Methadone is used to detoxify opiate users because it binds with opioid receptors at many sites in the central nervous system but doesn't have the same deleterious effects as other opiates, such as cocaine, heroin, and morphine. Barbiturates, amphetamines, and benzodiazepines are highly addictive and would require detoxification treatment.
3. The nurse is caring for a client who experiences false sensory perceptions with no basis in reality. These perceptions are known as:
a.)delusions.
b.)hallucinations.
c.)loose associations.
d.)neologisms.
B. RATIONALE: Hallucinations are visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile, or olfactory perceptions that have no basis in reality. Delusions are false beliefs, rather than perceptions, that the client accepts as real. Loose associations are rapid shifts among unrelated ideas. Neologisms are bizarre words that have meaning only to the client.
4. The nurse is caring for a client who is suicidal. When accompanying the client to the bathroom, the nurse should:
a.)give him privacy in the bathroom.
b.)allow him to shave.
c.)open the window and allow him to get some fresh air.
d.)observe him.
5. The nurse is developing a care plan for a client with anorexia nervosa. Which action should the nurse include in the plan?
a.)Restrict visits with the family until the client begins to eat.
b.)Provide privacy during meals.
c.)Set up a strict eating plan for the client.
d.)Encourage the client to exercise, which will reduce her anxiety.
6. A client whose husband recently left her is admitted to the hospital with severe depression. The nurse suspects that the client is at risk for suicide. Which of the following questions would be most appropriate and helpful for the nurse to ask during an assessment for suicide risk?
a.)"Are you sure you want to kill yourself?"
b.)"I know if my husband left me, I'd want to kill myself. Is that what you think?"
c.)"How do you think you would kill yourself?"
d.)"Why don't you just look at the positives in your life?"
7. The nurse is caring for a client who she believes has been abusing opiates. Assessment findings in a client abusing opiates, such as morphine, include:
a.)dilated pupils and slurred speech.
b.)rapid speech and agitation.
c.)dilated pupils and agitation.
d.)euphoria and constricted pupils.
8. The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an anxiety attack. Appropriate nursing interventions include:
a.)turning on the lights and opening the windows so that the client doesn't feel crowded. b.)leaving the client alone.
c.)staying with the client and speaking in short sentences.
d.)turning on stereo music.
9. The nurse is teaching a new group of mental health aides. The nurse should teach the aides that setting limits is most important for:
a.)a depressed client.
b.)a manic client.
c.)a suicidal client.
d.)an anxious client.
10. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of delusions of grandeur. This diagnosis reflects a belief that one is:
a.)highly important or famous.
b.)being persecuted.
c.)connected to events unrelated to oneself.
d.)responsible for the evil in the world.
11. The nurse is caring for a client, a Vietnam veteran, who exhibits signs and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Signs and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder include:
a.)hyperalertness and sleep disturbances.
b.)memory loss of traumatic event and somatic distress.
c.)feelings of hostility and violent behavior.
d.)sudden behavioral changes and anorexia.
12. The nurse is caring for a client with manic depression. The care plan for a client in a manic state would include:
a.)offering high-calorie meals and strongly encouraging the client to finish all food.
b.)insisting that the client remain active throughout the day so that he'll sleep at night. c.)allowing the client to exhibit hyperactive, demanding, manipulative behavior without setting limits.
d.)listening attentively with a neutral attitude and avoiding power struggles.
13. A client is a Vietnam War veteran with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. He has a history of nightmares, depression, hopelessness, and alcohol abuse. Which option offers the client the most lasting relief of his symptoms?
a.)The opportunity to verbalize memories of trauma to a sympathetic listener b.)Family support
c.)Prescribed medications taken as ordered
d.)Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings
14. A client is admitted for detoxification after a cocaine overdose. The client tells the nurse that he frequently uses cocaine but that he can control his use if he chooses. Which coping mechanism is he using?
a.)Withdrawal
b.)Logical thinking
c.)Repression
d.)Denial
15. A 22-year-old client is diagnosed with dependent personality disorder. Which behavior is most likely evidence of ineffective individual coping?
a.)Inability to make choices and decisions without advice
b.)Showing interest only in solitary activities
c.)Avoiding developing relationships
d.)Recurrent self-destructive behavior with history of depression
16. The major goal of therapy in crisis intervention is to:
a.)withdraw from the stress.
b.)resolve the immediate problem.
c.)decrease anxiety.
d.)provide documentation of events.
17. A 38-year-old client is admitted for alcohol withdrawal. The most common early sign or symptom that this client is likely to experience is:
a.)impending coma.
b.)manipulating behavior.
c.)suppression.
d.)perceptual disorders.
18. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder. Which signs would this client exhibit during social situations?
a.)Aggressive behavior
b.)Paranoid thoughts
c.)Emotional affect
d.)Independence needs
19. The nurse is caring for a client in an acute manic state. What's the most effective nursing action for this client?
a.)Assigning him to group activities
b.)Reducing his stimulation
c.)Assisting him with self-care
d.)Helping him express his feelings
20. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bulimia. The most appropriate initial goal for a client diagnosed with bulimia is to:
a.)avoid shopping for large amounts of food.
b.)control eating impulses.
c.)identify anxiety-causing situations.
d.)eat only three meals per day.
21. The nurse is caring for a 40-year-old client. Which behavior by the client indicates adult cognitive development?
a.)Has perceptions based on reality
b.)Assumes responsibility for actions
c.)Generates new levels of awareness
d.)Has maximum ability to solve problems and learn new skills
22. The nurse is assessing a client suffering from stress and anxiety. A common physiological response to stress and anxiety is:
a.)sedation.
b.)diarrhea.
c.)vertigo.
d.)urticaria.
23. The nurse is assessing a client for lifestyle factors that might affect normal coping. Which factor would the nurse most likely consider?
a.)Inadequate diet
b.)Divorce
c.)Job promotion
d.)Adopting a child
24. A client with bipolar disorder is being treated with lithium for the first time. The nurse should observe the client for which common adverse effect of lithium?
a.)Sexual dysfunction
b.)Constipation
c.)Polyuria
d.)Seizures
25. A client is admitted for an overdose of amphetamines. When assessing this client, the nurse should expect to see:
a.)tension and irritability.
b.)slow pulse.
c.)hypotension.
d.)constipation.
26. During a shift report, the nurse learns that she'll be providing care for a client who is vulnerable to panic attack. Treatment for panic attacks includes behavioral therapy, supportive psychotherapy, and medication such as:
a.)barbiturates.
b.)antianxiety drugs.
c.)depressants.
d.)amphetamines.
27. A client comes to the emergency department while experiencing a panic attack. The nurse can best respond to a client having a panic attack by:
a.)staying with the client until the attack subsides.
b.)telling the client everything is under control.
c.)telling the client to lie down and rest.
d.)talking continually to the client by explaining what's happening.
28. A 24-year-old client is experiencing an acute schizophrenic episode. He has vivid hallucinations that are making him agitated. The nurse's best response at this time would be to:
a.)take the client's vital signs.
b.)explore the content of the hallucinations.
c.)tell him his fear is unrealistic.
d.)engage the client in reality-oriented activities.
29. A client with paranoid type schizophrenia becomes angry and tells the nurse to leave him alone. The nurse should:
a.)tell him that she'll leave for now but will return soon.
b.)ask him if it's okay if she sits quietly with him.
c.)ask him why he wants to be left alone.
d.)tell him that she won't let anything happen to him.
30. A client begins taking haloperidol (Haldol). After a few days, he experiences severe tonic contractures of muscles in the neck, mouth, and tongue. The nurse should recognize this as:
a.)psychotic symptoms.
b.)parkinsonism.
c.)akathisia.
d.)dystonia.
CH I
1. A client has approached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is:
a.)psychotherapy.
b.)total abstinence.
c.)Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
d.)aversion therapy.
2. The nurse is providing care for a client undergoing opiate withdrawal. Opiate withdrawal causes severe physical discomfort and can be life-threatening. To minimize these effects, opiate users are commonly detoxified with:
a.)barbiturates.
b.)amphetamines.
c.)methadone.
d.)benzodiazepines.
3. The nurse is caring for a client who experiences false sensory perceptions with no basis in reality. These perceptions are known as:
a.)delusions.
b.)hallucinations.
c.)loose associations.
d.)neologisms.
4. The nurse is caring for a client who is suicidal. When accompanying the client to the bathroom, the nurse should:
a.)give him privacy in the bathroom.
b.)allow him to shave.
c.)open the window and allow him to get some fresh air.
d.)observe him.
5. The nurse is developing a care plan for a client with anorexia nervosa. Which action should the nurse include in the plan?
a.)Restrict visits with the family until the client begins to eat.
b.)Provide privacy during meals.
c.)Set up a strict eating plan for the client.
d.)Encourage the client to exercise, which will reduce her anxiety.
6. A client whose husband recently left her is admitted to the hospital with severe depression. The nurse suspects that the client is at risk for suicide. Which of the following questions would be most appropriate and helpful for the nurse to ask during an assessment for suicide risk?
a.)"Are you sure you want to kill yourself?"
b.)"I know if my husband left me, I'd want to kill myself. Is that what you think?"
c.)"How do you think you would kill yourself?"
d.)"Why don't you just look at the positives in your life?"
7. The nurse is caring for a client who she believes has been abusing opiates. Assessment findings in a client abusing opiates, such as morphine, include:
a.)dilated pupils and slurred speech.
b.)rapid speech and agitation.
c.)dilated pupils and agitation.
d.)euphoria and constricted pupils.
8. The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an anxiety attack. Appropriate nursing interventions include:
a.)turning on the lights and opening the windows so that the client doesn't feel crowded. b.)leaving the client alone.
c.)staying with the client and speaking in short sentences.
d.)turning on stereo music.
9. The nurse is teaching a new group of mental health aides. The nurse should teach the aides that setting limits is most important for:
a.)a depressed client.
b.)a manic client.
c.)a suicidal client.
d.)an anxious client.
10. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of delusions of grandeur. This diagnosis reflects a belief that one is:
a.)highly important or famous.
b.)being persecuted.
c.)connected to events unrelated to oneself.
d.)responsible for the evil in the world.
11. The nurse is caring for a client, a Vietnam veteran, who exhibits signs and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Signs and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder include:
a.)hyperalertness and sleep disturbances.
b.)memory loss of traumatic event and somatic distress.
c.)feelings of hostility and violent behavior.
d.)sudden behavioral changes and anorexia.
12. The nurse is caring for a client with manic depression. The care plan for a client in a manic state would include:
a.)offering high-calorie meals and strongly encouraging the client to finish all food.
b.)insisting that the client remain active throughout the day so that he'll sleep at night. c.)allowing the client to exhibit hyperactive, demanding, manipulative behavior without setting limits.
d.)listening attentively with a neutral attitude and avoiding power struggles.
13. A client is a Vietnam War veteran with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. He has a history of nightmares, depression, hopelessness, and alcohol abuse. Which option offers the client the most lasting relief of his symptoms?
a.)The opportunity to verbalize memories of trauma to a sympathetic listener b.)Family support
c.)Prescribed medications taken as ordered
d.)Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings
14. A client is admitted for detoxification after a cocaine overdose. The client tells the nurse that he frequently uses cocaine but that he can control his use if he chooses. Which coping mechanism is he using?
a.)Withdrawal
b.)Logical thinking
c.)Repression
d.)Denial
15. A 22-year-old client is diagnosed with dependent personality disorder. Which behavior is most likely evidence of ineffective individual coping?
a.)Inability to make choices and decisions without advice
b.)Showing interest only in solitary activities
c.)Avoiding developing relationships
d.)Recurrent self-destructive behavior with history of depression
16. The major goal of therapy in crisis intervention is to:
a.)withdraw from the stress.
b.)resolve the immediate problem.
c.)decrease anxiety.
d.)provide documentation of events.
17. A 38-year-old client is admitted for alcohol withdrawal. The most common early sign or symptom that this client is likely to experience is:
a.)impending coma.
b.)manipulating behavior.
c.)suppression.
d.)perceptual disorders.
18. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder. Which signs would this client exhibit during social situations?
a.)Aggressive behavior
b.)Paranoid thoughts
c.)Emotional affect
d.)Independence needs
19. The nurse is caring for a client in an acute manic state. What's the most effective nursing action for this client?
a.)Assigning him to group activities
b.)Reducing his stimulation
c.)Assisting him with self-care
d.)Helping him express his feelings
20. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bulimia. The most appropriate initial goal for a client diagnosed with bulimia is to:
a.)avoid shopping for large amounts of food.
b.)control eating impulses.
c.)identify anxiety-causing situations.
d.)eat only three meals per day.
21. The nurse is caring for a 40-year-old client. Which behavior by the client indicates adult cognitive development?
a.)Has perceptions based on reality
b.)Assumes responsibility for actions
c.)Generates new levels of awareness
d.)Has maximum ability to solve problems and learn new skills
22. The nurse is assessing a client suffering from stress and anxiety. A common physiological response to stress and anxiety is:
a.)sedation.
b.)diarrhea.
c.)vertigo.
d.)urticaria.
23. The nurse is assessing a client for lifestyle factors that might affect normal coping. Which factor would the nurse most likely consider?
a.)Inadequate diet
b.)Divorce
c.)Job promotion
d.)Adopting a child
24. A client with bipolar disorder is being treated with lithium for the first time. The nurse should observe the client for which common adverse effect of lithium?
a.)Sexual dysfunction
b.)Constipation
c.)Polyuria
d.)Seizures
25. A client is admitted for an overdose of amphetamines. When assessing this client, the nurse should expect to see:
a.)tension and irritability.
b.)slow pulse.
c.)hypotension.
d.)constipation.
26. During a shift report, the nurse learns that she'll be providing care for a client who is vulnerable to panic attack. Treatment for panic attacks includes behavioral therapy, supportive psychotherapy, and medication such as:
a.)barbiturates.
b.)antianxiety drugs.
c.)depressants.
d.)amphetamines.
27. A client comes to the emergency department while experiencing a panic attack. The nurse can best respond to a client having a panic attack by:
a.)staying with the client until the attack subsides.
b.)telling the client everything is under control.
c.)telling the client to lie down and rest.
d.)talking continually to the client by explaining what's happening.
28. A 24-year-old client is experiencing an acute schizophrenic episode. He has vivid hallucinations that are
making him agitated. The nurse's best response at this time would be to:
a.)take the client's vital signs.
b.)explore the content of the hallucinations.
c.)tell him his fear is unrealistic.
d.)engage the client in reality-oriented activities.
29. A client with paranoid type schizophrenia becomes angry and tells the nurse to leave him alone. The nurse should:
a.)tell him that she'll leave for now but will return soon.
b.)ask him if it's okay if she sits quietly with him.
c.)ask him why he wants to be left alone.
d.)tell him that she won't let anything happen to him.
30. A client begins taking haloperidol (Haldol). After a few days, he experiences severe tonic contractures of muscles in the neck, mouth, and tongue. The nurse should recognize this as:
a.)psychotic symptoms.
b.)parkinsonism.
c.)akathisia.
d.)dystonia.
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